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Microscope

A microscope is a scientific instrument that reveals objects which are normally too small for the human eye to see. Microscopes use several lenses to provide a large image of a tiny object and they have been important in the study of Biology.

The discovery of glass over 2000 years ago led to early experiments with lenses. People noticed that single lenses could make objects larger and also that they could focus the sun’s rays to start a fire. These early lenses were called «burning glasses». This led to the development of eyeglasses or spectacles in the early 1300s.

In the late 1500s, two Dutch spectacle makers, Hans and Zacharias Janssen, invented the first true microscope. They used several lenses together in a tube and discovered that they could make objects look many times bigger. Galileo, an Italian scientist, improved the quality of the lenses to produce better quality microscopes and telescopes.

Anthony Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723) and Robert Hooke (1635–1703) were two early users of the microscope who made many important discoveries. Leeuwenhoek discovered bacteria and showed how a drop of water is full of living creatures.

For two hundred years, there was a little development of the microscope until new industrial techniques produced accurate and powerful lenses. Nowadays, scientists still use microscopes that use light to see small objects such as cells and microorganisms. However, they also have extremely powerful microscopes that use a different technology – electron microscopes. (World of Science)



Сұрақтар

  1. How many lenses are there in the microscope?

  2. Leeuwenhoek discovered _____and showed how a drop of water is full of living creatures.

  3. Microscope was invented in

  4. Now, the microscopes are extremely

  5. When was glass discovered?

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