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Sources of Power

The industrial progress of the mankind is based on power; power for industrial plants, machines, heating and lighting system, transport. In fact, one can hardly find a sphere where power is not required.

At present, most of the power required of obtained mainly from two sources. One is from fossil fuels: coal, natural gas and oil, for producing heat that will operate combustion engines. Many of these engines will actuate generators, which produce electricity. The second way of producing electricity is by means of generators that get their power from steam or water turbines. Electricity so produced then flows through transmission lines to houses, industrial plants, enterprises, etc.

It should be noted, however, that the generation of electricity by these conventional processes is highly uneconomic. Actually, only about forty per cent of heat in the fuel is converted into electricity. Besides, the world resources of fossil fuels are not everlasting. On the other hand, the power produced by hydroelectric plants, even if increased many times, will be able to provide for only a small fraction of the power required in near future.

Therefore, much efforts and thoughts are being given to other means of generating electricity. One is the energy of hot water. Not long ago we began utilizing hot underground water for heating and hot water supply, and in some cases, for the generation of electric power. Another promising field for the production of electricity is the use of ocean tides. The energy of the Sun, which is being used in various ways, represents a practically unlimited source. (by A. Kovalenko)



Вопросы

  1. The industrial progress of the mankind is based on____

  2. Most of the power required of obtained mainly from_______

  3. Electricity flows through transmission lines

  4. Not long ago we began utilizing __________for heating and hot water supply, and in some cases, for the generation of electric power

  5. The use of ______is another promising field for the production of electricity

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