Текст 20

Immunology

Immunology has its roots in the defense against infectious disease, followed by the development of vaccines, organ transplantation, immune responses to malignancy, and a variety of immunotherapies. Modern research in immunology draws on recent advances in cellular and molecular biology, protein chemistry, and virology to determine how the components of the immune system function. In turn, the study of cells of the immune system has contributed to our understanding of protein structure, eukaryotic gene organization and regulation, and intracellular protein transport and assembly. With this expansion, immunology has grown beyond its original meaning, and according to some scientists, immunobiology has become a preferable term for this expanding field.

The development of this science can be appraised by the huge volume of articles on this subject: there are more than 900 (nine hundred) journals that publish more than 8000 (eight thousand) articles per year on Immunology and manyNobel prizes for Physiology and Medicine were awarded to studies on Immunology and related sciences, including the last one, in 1997 (nineteen ninety-seven)!

The current flood of literature on Immunology and on sciences that apply immunological tools and/or concepts, and the huge number of publications that use this terminology, made me construct a glossary for translators who are often stuck when they find «immunological jargon» either in scientific/medical texts or in material for the layperson.

The glossary that can be downloaded from this page is far from complete, and it is almost impossible to construct an exhaustive and updated glossary in this endlessly changing subject. This is the first installment of a three-part series to be published in this and the next two issues of the Translation Journal.

I am grateful to my old friend Gabe Bokor for the opportunity to publish this glossary in the Translation Journal. (Translation Journal).